Examining the Relationship Between Child Labor and Educational Outcomes Among Elementary and Secondary Students in the Department of Education System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-GJEFM/V2E4/2026-01Keywords:
Child Labor, Educational Outcomes, Academic Performance, School Attendance, Student Engagement, Elementary and Secondary Education, Socioeconomic Factors.Abstract
Child labor remains a persistent social issue in many developing contexts, including within learners served by the Department of Education system. While schooling is expected to enhance life opportunities, economic pressures often compel children to engage in labor, potentially compromising their academic participation and achievement.
This study examines the relationship between child labor involvement and educational outcomes among elementary and secondary students, focusing on attendance, academic performance, and school engagement.
A quantitative correlational research design was employed. Data were collected from a representative sample of students through structured questionnaires and school records. Variables included type and intensity of labor, attendance rates, grades, and engagement indicators. Statistical analyses such as mean, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis were used to determine relationships and predictive effects.
Results indicate a significant negative relationship between child labor and educational outcomes. Students engaged in labor, particularly those working longer hours, demonstrated lower academic performance, higher absenteeism, and reduced classroom engagement. Elementary students showed more pronounced vulnerability compared to secondary students. However, moderate labor under supportive conditions showed minimal adverse effects, suggesting context-specific variations.
The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions within the education system to support working students. Policies should strengthen school-based monitoring, provide financial assistance programs, and promote flexible learning options. Collaboration among schools, families, and local government units is essential to mitigate the impact of child labor while ensuring continuous access to quality education.
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